"swinþaz" meaning in All languages combined

See swinþaz on Wiktionary

Adjective [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈswin.θɑz/
Etymology: Uncertain; suggested to derive from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”), whence also *segaz (“victory”), perhaps either: * directly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és, whence also variant *sundaz, from *seǵʰ- + *-wénts; * or derived from unattested noun *swin- (“strength, power”) + *-þaz, from Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰ-wr̥ ~ *sǵʰ-wén-s (“overpowering; holding”), cognate with Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos, “strength, power”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*seǵʰ-}}, {{unc|gem-pro}} Uncertain, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*seǵʰ-|t=to overpower}} Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”), {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro||*sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és}} Proto-Indo-European *sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és, {{af|ine-pro|*seǵʰ-|*-wénts|nocat=1}} *seǵʰ- + *-wénts, {{af|gem-pro||*-þaz|alt1=*swin-|t1=strength, power}} *swin- (“strength, power”) + *-þaz, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*séǵʰwr̥|*séǵʰ-wr̥}} Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰ-wr̥, {{cog|grc|σθένος|t=strength, power}} Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos, “strength, power”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|swinþ}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*swinþaz|*swinþanǭ|*swinþas, -is|*swinþammai|*swinþanō|*swinþai|*swinþanz|*swinþaizǫ̂|*swinþaimaz|*swinþaimiz|*swinþō|*swinþǭ|*swinþaizōz|*swinþaizōi|*swinþaizō|*swinþôz|*swinþōz|*swinþaizǫ̂|*swinþaimaz|*swinþaimiz|*swinþą, -atō|*swinþą, -atō|*swinþas, -is|*swinþammai|*swinþanō|*swinþō|*swinþō|*swinþaizǫ̂|*swinþaimaz|*swinþaimiz|*swinþô|*swinþanų|*swinþiniz|*swinþini|*swinþinē|*swinþaniz|*swinþanunz|*swinþanǫ̂|*swinþammaz|*swinþammiz|*swinþǭ|*swinþōnų|*swinþōniz|*swinþōni|*swinþōnē|*swinþōniz|*swinþōnunz|*swinþōnǫ̂|*swinþōmaz|*swinþōmiz|*swinþô|*swinþô|*swinþiniz|*swinþini|*swinþinē|*swinþōnō|*swinþōnō|*swinþanǫ̂|*swinþammaz|*swinþammiz|title=*swinþaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], swinþaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], swinþai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], swinþō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], swinþôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], swinþą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], swinþō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], swinþanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], swinþanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], swinþǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], swinþōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], swinþą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], swinþō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], swinþas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], swinþaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], swinþaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], swinþaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], swinþas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], swinþaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], swinþammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], swinþaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], swinþaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], swinþaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], swinþammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], swinþaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], swinþanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], swinþaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], swinþaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], swinþaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], swinþanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], swinþaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], swinþô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], swinþaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], swinþǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], swinþōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], swinþô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], swinþōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], swinþanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], swinþanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], swinþōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], swinþōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], swinþô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], swinþōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], swinþiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], swinþanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], swinþōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], swinþōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], swinþiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], swinþanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], swinþini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], swinþammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], swinþōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], swinþōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], swinþini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], swinþammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], swinþinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], swinþammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], swinþōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], swinþōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], swinþinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], swinþammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. strong Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: swinþalīkaz, swinþį̄, swinþijaną Related terms: sundaz
    Sense id: en-swinþaz-gem-pro-adj-7aFc5INK Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*swinþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swinþ\nOld English: swīþ\nMiddle English: swith\nEnglish: swith\nScots: swith\nOld Frisian: *swīth\nSaterland Frisian: swied\nWest Frisian: swiid\nOld Saxon: swīth, *swinth\nMiddle Low German: swît, swîde, swinde\nLow German: swied, swinn\nPlautdietsch: schwind\n→ Polish: szwytki, świtki (“agile, quick, dashing”) (dialectal)\n→ Old Ruthenian: швыдкїй (švydkij) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)\nOld Dutch: *swīth, *swinth (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: swîde, swinde\nDutch: swiet, zwiej (dialectal)\nOld High German: *swind (in personal names)\nMiddle High German: swinde, swint\n⇒ Middle High German: geswinde\nBavarian: gschwind\nGerman: geschwind\n→ Dutch: gezwind\nLuxembourgish: geschwënn",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swinþ\nOld English: swīþ\nMiddle English: swith\nEnglish: swith\nScots: swith\nOld Frisian: *swīth\nSaterland Frisian: swied\nWest Frisian: swiid\nOld Saxon: swīth, *swinth\nMiddle Low German: swît, swîde, swinde\nLow German: swied, swinn\nPlautdietsch: schwind\n→ Polish: szwytki, świtki (“agile, quick, dashing”) (dialectal)\n→ Old Ruthenian: швыдкїй (švydkij) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)\nOld Dutch: *swīth, *swinth (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: swîde, swinde\nDutch: swiet, zwiej (dialectal)\nOld High German: *swind (in personal names)\nMiddle High German: swinde, swint\n⇒ Middle High German: geswinde\nBavarian: gschwind\nGerman: geschwind\n→ Dutch: gezwind\nLuxembourgish: geschwënn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "sviðr",
            "3": "svinnr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: sviðr, svinnr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: sviðr, svinnr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "svinnur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: svinnur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: svinnur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "svinnur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: svinnur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: svinnur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (swinþs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (swinþs)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seǵʰ-",
        "t": "to overpower"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*seǵʰ-",
        "3": "*-wénts",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*seǵʰ- + *-wénts",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-þaz",
        "alt1": "*swin-",
        "t1": "strength, power"
      },
      "expansion": "*swin- (“strength, power”) + *-þaz",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*séǵʰwr̥",
        "4": "*séǵʰ-wr̥"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰ-wr̥",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σθένος",
        "t": "strength, power"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos, “strength, power”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain; suggested to derive from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”), whence also *segaz (“victory”), perhaps either:\n* directly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és, whence also variant *sundaz, from *seǵʰ- + *-wénts;\n* or derived from unattested noun *swin- (“strength, power”) + *-þaz, from Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰ-wr̥ ~ *sǵʰ-wén-s (“overpowering; holding”), cognate with Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos, “strength, power”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swinþ"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*swinþaz",
        "10": "*swinþaimiz",
        "11": "*swinþō",
        "12": "*swinþǭ",
        "13": "*swinþaizōz",
        "14": "*swinþaizōi",
        "15": "*swinþaizō",
        "16": "*swinþôz",
        "17": "*swinþōz",
        "18": "*swinþaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*swinþaimaz",
        "2": "*swinþanǭ",
        "20": "*swinþaimiz",
        "21": "*swinþą, -atō",
        "22": "*swinþą, -atō",
        "23": "*swinþas, -is",
        "24": "*swinþammai",
        "25": "*swinþanō",
        "26": "*swinþō",
        "27": "*swinþō",
        "28": "*swinþaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*swinþaimaz",
        "3": "*swinþas, -is",
        "30": "*swinþaimiz",
        "31": "*swinþô",
        "32": "*swinþanų",
        "33": "*swinþiniz",
        "34": "*swinþini",
        "35": "*swinþinē",
        "36": "*swinþaniz",
        "37": "*swinþanunz",
        "38": "*swinþanǫ̂",
        "39": "*swinþammaz",
        "4": "*swinþammai",
        "40": "*swinþammiz",
        "41": "*swinþǭ",
        "42": "*swinþōnų",
        "43": "*swinþōniz",
        "44": "*swinþōni",
        "45": "*swinþōnē",
        "46": "*swinþōniz",
        "47": "*swinþōnunz",
        "48": "*swinþōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*swinþōmaz",
        "5": "*swinþanō",
        "50": "*swinþōmiz",
        "51": "*swinþô",
        "52": "*swinþô",
        "53": "*swinþiniz",
        "54": "*swinþini",
        "55": "*swinþinē",
        "56": "*swinþōnō",
        "57": "*swinþōnō",
        "58": "*swinþanǫ̂",
        "59": "*swinþammaz",
        "6": "*swinþai",
        "60": "*swinþammiz",
        "7": "*swinþanz",
        "8": "*swinþaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*swinþaimaz",
        "title": "*swinþaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swinþaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "swinþalīkaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "swinþį̄"
        },
        {
          "word": "swinþijaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strong"
      ],
      "id": "en-swinþaz-gem-pro-adj-7aFc5INK",
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "sundaz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswin.θɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "swinþaz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "swinþalīkaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "swinþį̄"
    },
    {
      "word": "swinþijaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*swinþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swinþ\nOld English: swīþ\nMiddle English: swith\nEnglish: swith\nScots: swith\nOld Frisian: *swīth\nSaterland Frisian: swied\nWest Frisian: swiid\nOld Saxon: swīth, *swinth\nMiddle Low German: swît, swîde, swinde\nLow German: swied, swinn\nPlautdietsch: schwind\n→ Polish: szwytki, świtki (“agile, quick, dashing”) (dialectal)\n→ Old Ruthenian: швыдкїй (švydkij) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)\nOld Dutch: *swīth, *swinth (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: swîde, swinde\nDutch: swiet, zwiej (dialectal)\nOld High German: *swind (in personal names)\nMiddle High German: swinde, swint\n⇒ Middle High German: geswinde\nBavarian: gschwind\nGerman: geschwind\n→ Dutch: gezwind\nLuxembourgish: geschwënn",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swinþ\nOld English: swīþ\nMiddle English: swith\nEnglish: swith\nScots: swith\nOld Frisian: *swīth\nSaterland Frisian: swied\nWest Frisian: swiid\nOld Saxon: swīth, *swinth\nMiddle Low German: swît, swîde, swinde\nLow German: swied, swinn\nPlautdietsch: schwind\n→ Polish: szwytki, świtki (“agile, quick, dashing”) (dialectal)\n→ Old Ruthenian: швыдкїй (švydkij) (dialectal) (see there for further descendants)\nOld Dutch: *swīth, *swinth (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: swîde, swinde\nDutch: swiet, zwiej (dialectal)\nOld High German: *swind (in personal names)\nMiddle High German: swinde, swint\n⇒ Middle High German: geswinde\nBavarian: gschwind\nGerman: geschwind\n→ Dutch: gezwind\nLuxembourgish: geschwënn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "sviðr",
            "3": "svinnr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: sviðr, svinnr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: sviðr, svinnr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "svinnur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: svinnur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: svinnur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "svinnur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: svinnur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: svinnur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (swinþs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (swinþs)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*seǵʰ-",
        "t": "to overpower"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*seǵʰ-",
        "3": "*-wénts",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*seǵʰ- + *-wénts",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-þaz",
        "alt1": "*swin-",
        "t1": "strength, power"
      },
      "expansion": "*swin- (“strength, power”) + *-þaz",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*séǵʰwr̥",
        "4": "*séǵʰ-wr̥"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰ-wr̥",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "σθένος",
        "t": "strength, power"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos, “strength, power”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain; suggested to derive from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to overpower”), whence also *segaz (“victory”), perhaps either:\n* directly inherited from Proto-Indo-European *sǵʰ-wént-s ~ *sǵʰ-unt-és, whence also variant *sundaz, from *seǵʰ- + *-wénts;\n* or derived from unattested noun *swin- (“strength, power”) + *-þaz, from Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰ-wr̥ ~ *sǵʰ-wén-s (“overpowering; holding”), cognate with Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos, “strength, power”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swinþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swinþ"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*swinþaz",
        "10": "*swinþaimiz",
        "11": "*swinþō",
        "12": "*swinþǭ",
        "13": "*swinþaizōz",
        "14": "*swinþaizōi",
        "15": "*swinþaizō",
        "16": "*swinþôz",
        "17": "*swinþōz",
        "18": "*swinþaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*swinþaimaz",
        "2": "*swinþanǭ",
        "20": "*swinþaimiz",
        "21": "*swinþą, -atō",
        "22": "*swinþą, -atō",
        "23": "*swinþas, -is",
        "24": "*swinþammai",
        "25": "*swinþanō",
        "26": "*swinþō",
        "27": "*swinþō",
        "28": "*swinþaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*swinþaimaz",
        "3": "*swinþas, -is",
        "30": "*swinþaimiz",
        "31": "*swinþô",
        "32": "*swinþanų",
        "33": "*swinþiniz",
        "34": "*swinþini",
        "35": "*swinþinē",
        "36": "*swinþaniz",
        "37": "*swinþanunz",
        "38": "*swinþanǫ̂",
        "39": "*swinþammaz",
        "4": "*swinþammai",
        "40": "*swinþammiz",
        "41": "*swinþǭ",
        "42": "*swinþōnų",
        "43": "*swinþōniz",
        "44": "*swinþōni",
        "45": "*swinþōnē",
        "46": "*swinþōniz",
        "47": "*swinþōnunz",
        "48": "*swinþōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*swinþōmaz",
        "5": "*swinþanō",
        "50": "*swinþōmiz",
        "51": "*swinþô",
        "52": "*swinþô",
        "53": "*swinþiniz",
        "54": "*swinþini",
        "55": "*swinþinē",
        "56": "*swinþōnō",
        "57": "*swinþōnō",
        "58": "*swinþanǫ̂",
        "59": "*swinþammaz",
        "6": "*swinþai",
        "60": "*swinþammiz",
        "7": "*swinþanz",
        "8": "*swinþaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*swinþaimaz",
        "title": "*swinþaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swinþaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "sundaz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "strong"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswin.θɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "swinþaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for swinþaz meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.